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Why don’t people realize that Oil, other than gasoline, is needed to produce 6000 or more…?

…everyday products??
This is just a general question to make people think!
One 42-gallon barrel of oil creates 19.4 gallons of gasoline. Below is just some of the things that oil is used:
Solvents Diesel Motor Oil Bearing Grease Ink Floor Wax Ballpoint Pens Football Cleats Upholstery Sweaters Boats Insecticides Bicycle Tires Sports Car Bodies Nail Polish Fishing lures Dresses Tires Golf Bags Perfumes Cassettes Dishwasher Tool Boxes Shoe Polish Motorcycle Helmet Caulking Petroleum Jelly Transparent Tape CD Players Faucet Washers Antiseptics Clothesline Curtains Food Preservatives Basketballs Soap Vitamin Capsules Antihistamines Purses Shoes Dashboards Cortisone Deodorant Footballs Putty Dyes Panty Hose Refrigerant Percolators Life Jackets Rubbing Alcohol Linings Skis TV Cabinets Shag Rugs Electrician’s Tape Tool Racks Car Battery Cases Epoxy Paint Mops Slacks Insect Repellent Oil Filters Umbrellas Yarn Fertilizers Hair Coloring Roofing Toilet Seats Fishing Rods Lipstick

From Crude Oil
The problem with crude oil is that it contains hundreds of different types of hydrocarbons all mixed together. You have to separate the different types of hydrocarbons to have anything useful. Fortunately there is an easy way to separate things, and this is what oil refining is all about.

The oil refining process starts with a fractional distillation column.

Different hydrocarbon chain lengths all have progressively higher boiling points, so they can all be separated by distillation. This is what happens in an oil refinery – in one part of the process, crude oil is heated and the different chains are pulled out by their vaporization temperatures. Each different chain length has a different property that makes it useful in a different way.

To understand the diversity contained in crude oil, and to understand why refining crude oil is so important in our society, look through the following list of products that come from crude oil:

* Petroleum gas – used for heating, cooking, making plastics
o small alkanes (1 to 4 carbon atoms)
o commonly known by the names methane, ethane, propane, butane
o boiling range = less than 104 degrees Fahrenheit / 40 degrees Celsius
o often liquified under pressure to create LPG (liquified petroleum gas)
* Naphtha or Ligroin – intermediate that will be further processed to make gasoline
o mix of 5 to 9 carbon atom alkanes
o boiling range = 140 to 212 degrees Fahrenheit / 60 to 100 degrees Celsius
* Gasoline – motor fuel
o liquid
o mix of alkanes and cycloalkanes (5 to 12 carbon atoms)
o boiling range = 104 to 401 degrees Fahrenheit / 40 to 205 degrees Celsius
* Kerosene – fuel for jet engines and tractors; starting material for making other products
o liquid
o mix of alkanes (10 to 18 carbons) and aromatics
o boiling range = 350 to 617 degrees Fahrenheit / 175 to 325 degrees Celsius
* Gas oil or Diesel distillate – used for diesel fuel and heating oil; starting material for making other products
o liquid
o alkanes containing 12 or more carbon atoms
o boiling range = 482 to 662 degrees Fahrenheit / 250 to 350 degrees Celsius
* Lubricating oil – used for motor oil, grease, other lubricants
o liquid
o long chain (20 to 50 carbon atoms) alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatics
o boiling range = 572 to 700 degrees Fahrenheit / 300 to 370 degrees Celsius
* Heavy gas or Fuel oil – used for industrial fuel; starting material for making other products
o liquid
o long chain (20 to 70 carbon atoms) alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatics
o boiling range = 700 to 1112 degrees Fahrenheit / 370 to 600 degrees Celsius
* Residuals – coke, asphalt, tar, waxes; starting material for making other products
o solid
o multiple-ringed compounds with 70 or more carbon atoms
o boiling range = greater than 1112 degrees Fahrenheit / 600 degrees Celsius

You may have noticed that all of these products have different sizes and boiling ranges. Chemists take advantage of these properties when refining oil. Look at the next section to find out the details of this fascinating process.

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Burning crude oil itself is of limited use. To extract the maximum value from crude, it first needs to be refined into petroleum products. The best-known of these is gasoline, or petrol. However, there are many other products that can be obtained when a barrel of crude oil is refined. These include liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), naphtha, kerosene, gasoil and fuel oil. Other useful products which are not fuels can also be manufactured by refining crude oil, such as lubricants and asphalt (used in paving roads). A range of sub-items like perfumes and insecticides are also ultimately derived from crude oil.

Furthermore, several of the products listed above which are derived from crude oil, such as naphtha, gasoil, LPG and ethane, can themselves be used as inputs or feedstocks in the production of petrochemicals. There are more than 4,000 different petrochemical products, but those which are considered as basic products include ethylene, propylene, butadiene, benzene, ammonia and methanol. The main groups of petrochemical end-products are plastics, synthetic fibres, synthetic rubbers, detergents and chemical fertilisers.

Considering the vast number of products that are derived from it, crude oil is a very versatile substance. Life as we know it today would be extremely difficult without crude oil and its by-products.

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Car Travel Games for Kids

Kids can be such pain when traveling. They will nag you and do all sorts of crazy stuff. The best way to keep them from getting into your nerves as you cruise around is to get something that will keep them busy. There are quite a number of games that can keep them amused and delighted through the journey. Pick any of the games mentioned hereafter to keep them from fidgeting in the backseat.

Printable car bingo games are a great way to occupy kids in the car. You can choose from a wide collection of goodies that can be printed. Pack some lines and dots games, bingo or map. This will grab the attention of the kids as they try to join the dots, print items and even play the bingo games. Apart from that, you can also make a cookie catcher. The kids will not bother you as they will be busy trying to unlock their fortune at the back seat. You can teach them how to make the cookie catcher and how to play the game and then leave them to explore the rest.

Further still, you can help the kids to make a travel journal or diary. Guide them on how to do it then you can leave them to do the rest through the journey. Not only will they have fun while at it, they will also get the chance to keep those travel memories through their lifetime. String figures are also good for kids when traveling. The advantage is that all you will need is a string or a piece of yarn. This will definitely keep their attention away from you as they attempt to make the kitty whiskers, Jacobs ladder, cup and saucer or even play Cats Cradle.

What about some singing from the kids? This will be more fun if you join in and everyone sings along. Give the radio a break and let your kids enjoy themselves as they sing their favorite songs. In addition, kids can also keep themselves busy with aluminum foil. The kids can use this to make different items such as masks and bracelets. This piece allows them to stretch their creativity and is a fun activity for kids.

A road trip is also a good chance for you to keep the kids on a scavenger hunt. Assign them items to look out for while traveling. The kids’ duty is to identify the items as you drive. This will keep them on the lookout while allowing you to drive without interference. Apart from that, you can also get some roadside oddities. The counting Cows Car game is also relevant while traveling. The kids can play this game and even throw in some cow jokes while at it.

The license plate game will definitely keep them busy. Each child gets a page where they will mark the license plates they sight. Further still, a printable battleship game can also come in handy at this time. Also consider getting pipe cleaner creatures as well as pirates of the caravan. These will draw the kids’ attention away from you.

About the Author

Have a fun and safe time on the road, and visit us to find the best deal on the insurance coverage you need. Get tips for finding auto coverage that you can afford at Auto Insurance Rates Direct today.

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It’s the biggest irony in the biggest story around today. Yesterday, Channel Seven reporter Adam Walters broke the story that the NSW Minister for Transport, David Campbell, had used a government car to drive to a gay bathhouse in Kensington, known to be a sex-on-premises venue.